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Pentominoes are like dominoes,
except five squares are used to make each piece. There are twelve
different shapes that can be made from five squares.
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They are sometimes given simple letter names:
I P U L Z R
T Y N V X W
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A set of these twelve shapes covers
12 times 5 or 60 squares in all. A puzzle is to fit a set of the twelve
shapes into 6 by 10, 5 by 12, 4 by 15, or 3 by 20 frames. Any shape
frame that has an area of 60 squares will also do. Such puzzles are
actually commercially available.
It is difficult for me to solve this puzzle. It makes an ideal problem
for a computer. I first wrote a program to find a solution to this
puzzle in 1975. It turns out that there are typically many, many different
solutions to these puzzles.
To cover large areas, you need to use many sets of the twelve shapes.
The easiest way is to fit them into the frames mentioned above, then
arrange these rectangular frames to fill the area desired. However
if you do this, you immediately see the outlines of the frames. I
wanted a pattern that would not easily reveal boring rectangles
when I looked at it. I wanted to use an equal number of each shape.
I wanted each shape evenly spread out.
The answer ? Recursion. Fit the twelve pieces into twelve frames
each shaped like one of the pieces themselves. I describe the
details of this technique on the page Anatomy
of a project - Fornax.
I have done four pieces using this technique, and think this approach
can be used best on large projects. I hope one day to hook a large
rug based on an intricate pattern of pentominoes.
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View Old Pentominoes
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View these Coasters
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View Pentominoes
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View Fornax
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